张伟霞1，杨行果2
(1.西北工业大学 体育部，陕西 西安 710072；2.西北工业大学 公共政策与管理学院，陕西 西安 710072)
摘 要：大型体育场馆功能开发与消费需求的匹配是影响场馆赛后价值实现的重要因素。基于可供性理论，从消费者-场馆互动的视角对大型体育场馆的赛后功能进行分类，并通过仿真研究探讨了场馆可供性与消费者多维评价之间的关系，进而对大型体育场馆赛后功能优化提出建议。研究认为：大型体育场馆的可供性可分为体育类固定、体育衍生类使用、非体类觉察3种。不同类型可供性、相同类型中的具体可供性对使用者感知-评估-决策的影响存在较大差异。应当充分尊重使用者-场馆功能的互动，通过可供性实现消费需求与功能供给的双赢；在赛后改造中，确保体育根本地位同时统筹其他类别可供性的相互关联，增加有益可供性的凸显性。
关 键 词：体育管理；赛后场馆多元化发展；可供性理论；功能适宜性
中图分类号：G80-05 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-7116(2025)03-0080-07
Simulation and optimization on post-event diverse development of large stadiums based on the affordance theory
ZHANG Weixia1，YANG Hangguo2
(1.Department of Physical Education，Northwestern Polytechnical University，Xi’an 710072，China；
2.School of Public Policy and Administration，Northwestern Polytechnical University，Xi’an 710072，China)
Abstract: The matching of functional development and consumer demand in large stadiums is an important factor affecting the realization of post-event value. Based on the theory of affordance, this study classifies the post-event functions of large sports venues from the perspective of consumer-venue interaction and explores the relationship between venue affordance and consumer multidimensional evaluation through simulation research. Based on this, optimization suggestions for the post-event functions of large stadiums have been naturally proposed. The study suggests that the affordance of large stadiums can be divided into three types: sports-inherent, sports-derived, and non-sports-perceived, and there are significant differences in the impact of different types of affordance and specific affordances within the same type on users' perception, evaluation, and decision-making. It is key to fully respect the interaction between users and venue functions to achieve a win-win situation for consumer demand and functional supply by affordance. In post-event renovations, while ensuring the fundamental status of sports, it is necessary to coordinate the interconnection of other types of affordance and increase the prominence of beneficial affordance.
Keywords: sports management；diverse development of venues after the games；affordance theory；functional suitability