(华南师范大学 体育科学学院，广东 广州 510006) 摘 要：运用比较优势理论，从洲际角度对2015—2019年北京、伦敦、多哈3届田径世锦赛前8名运动员的成绩进行分析，探讨世界田坛洲际特征。研究认为，(1)近5年来世界田坛洲际特征明显，欧洲、北美洲、非洲和亚洲的优势项目分别是全能、快速性项目、中长跑和竞走，而南美洲、大洋洲表现出较弱的竞技能力；(2)欧洲的全能项目、亚洲的快速性项目和耐力性项目存在性别差异，部分国家如中国存在较大的性别差异；(3)近年来中国田径的竞技实力逐渐增强，女子竞走和投掷是我国的优势项目，备战东京奥运会仍需保持优势项目，以突破潜优势项目为目标，并延续“1516计划”的“走出去、请进来”的宗旨，学习高水平的训练理念和方法。 |
HUANG Qi-wen，ZHOU Wei，YAO Hui，HE Jun-yi
(School of Physical Education and Sports Science，South China Normal University，Guangzhou 510006，China) Abstract: By applying the theory of comparative advantage, from the angle of intercontinental to explore the results with the top eight athletes in three-times World Athletics Championships of 2015-2019 in Beijing, London and Doha. The research showed that: (1) intercontinental characteristics for the world athletics events in recent 5 years are significant, and as for the Europe, North America, Africa and Asia, the dominant projects for them are decathlon and heptathlon, speed item, middle-distance race and walk, respectively, yet as for the South America and Oceania, they show the weak competitive ability. (2) There are gender differences in decathlon and heptathlon in Europe, speed item and endurance item in Asia, and that was also existed in some countries such as China. (3) In recent years, the competitive strength of track and field in China is gradually enhanced, and the female walking and throwing are the dominant events for China. The goal of preparing for the Tokyo Olympic Games is to maintain the dominant events, and break through the potential advantages, as well as continue to hold the purpose of “participat-ing in world competitions and bringing in advanced theories" for the “1516 plan” in order to learn high-level train-ing concepts and methods. |
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