| （华南师范大学 体育科学学院，广东 广州 510006） 摘 要：梳理了目前学术界对体育强国的认识分歧，并分析了造成这种学术分歧的政治和评估技术原因。政治原因有可能导致人们高估或低估中国体育的实力地位，而评估技术方法不一致又导致没有统一的评估标准。体育实力地位是一国体育实力与他国体育实力相比较而得出的实力大小，并依此实力大小进行的国际排序。实力差距决定实力等级排序，但实力等级排序并不能反映实力差距的性质。目前学术界对体育强国认识分歧主要是由于评估标准不一致而造成的，一个是以竞技体育实力差的绝对量为标准，而一个是以实力差的结构性质为标准。 |
ZHANG Xue-fei
| （School of Physical Education，South China Normal University，Guangzhou 510006，China） Abstract: The author sorted out the discrepancies in the academic community’s cognition of a powerful country of sports, and analyzed political and evaluation technical reasons for causing such academic discrepancies. Political reasons may have caused that people overestimated or underestimated the strength status of Chinese sport, while the difference of evaluation technical methods have caused the absence of a unified evaluation standard. Sport strength status is the international order of sports strengths of a country, which is arranged according to the magnitude of sport strengths of that country as compared with that of other countries. Strength differences decide the strength ranking order, yet the latter fails to reflect the nature of the former. At present, the discrepancies in academic com-munity’s cognition of a powerful country of sport are mainly the cognitive discrepancies about whether a country is a powerful country of competitive sport, which are caused by the difference of evaluation standards, one of which is a standard based on the absolute magnitude of strength differences of competitive sports, while the other of which is a standard based on the structural nature of strength differences. |
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