| （1.华南师范大学 体育科学学院，广东 广州 510631；2.上海体育科学研究所，上海 200030；3.广州体育学院，广东 广州 510500；4.天津体育科学研究所，天津 300074；5.上海体育职业学院，上海 200000） 摘 要：对我国271名7~15岁花泳青少年运动员进行了31个指标的测试，分别从身体形态、身体机能、一般身体素质和专项身体素质4个角度进行分析，结果表明：同年龄段花泳运动员身高、臂展、胸围均优于普通青少年；身体机能各指标也高于普通青少年人群，身体机能纵向发育规律基本和普通人群一致；一般身体素质中，上肢力量发展最快时期是9~10岁和13~14岁。中段力量是8、11岁；爆发力是8、11岁；灵敏协调性是8、12岁；柔韧性是10、11岁；专项素质测试结果显示13~15岁年龄段为花泳运动员有氧能力和无氧专项能力发展较快时期。 |
CHEN Ai-ping1，CAI Guang2，SHEN Xun-zhang2，XU Wang-yu2，LIU Yan-wu3，QIAO Geng4，LI Jia5
| （1.School of Physical Education，South China Normal University，Guangzhou 510631，China；2.Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science，Shanghai 200030，China；3.Guangzhou Sport University，Guangzhou 510500，China；4.Tianjin Research Institute of Sports Science，Tianjin 300074，China；5.Shanghai Sports Training and Technical College，Shanghai 200000，China） Abstract: The authors did a 31-index test on 271 teenage synchronized swimmers at the age of 7~15 in China, ana-lyzed the results in terms of physical shape, physical function, ordinary physical making and dedicated physical making, and revealed the following findings: the height, arm span and chest circumference of synchronized swim-mers are superior to those of ordinary teenagers at the same age section; their physical function indexes are also su-perior to those of ordinary teenagers, their longitudinal physical function development pattern is basically the same as that of ordinary teenagers; in ordinary physical makings, the fastest development periods are ages 9~10 and ages 13~14 for upper limbs, ages 8 and 11 for middle section strength and explosion strength, ages 8 and 12 for agility and harmony, and ages 10 and 11 for flexibility; dedicated making test results indicated that the ages 13~15 section is a period in which the aerobic exercising capacity and dedicated anaerobic exercising capacity of synchronized swimmers develop fast. |
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