| （华南师范大学 体育科学学院，广东 广州 510006） 摘 要：从历史视角阐述进步教育运动对美国学校体育发展的影响。从中得出3点启示：(1)美国在世界上是一个年轻的国家，它的体育发展起步较晚，但发展极其迅速。进步教育运动促使体育改革是其发展的动力。(2)美国的进步教育运动虽然取得很大的成就，但它所产生的负面影响也很大。任何“改革运动”的本意都是好的，但带来的结果和影响可能是多方面的。借古鉴今，审视我们近几年的学校体育改革成效时，切莫只看成绩而忽视改革中有可能偏离方向的极端形式化的做法。(3)在进步教育运动的影响下，美国在学校体育改革中完全忽视了体操教育，结果学生的体质出现了非常严重的问题。以此为鉴，新世纪中国学校体操教育亟待加强。 |
LI Zuo-hui
| （School of Physical Education，South China Normal University，Guangzhou 510006，China） Abstract: From the perspective of history, the author expatiated on the effects of the progressive education move-ment on the development of US scholastic physical education, and from which the author drew three inspirations: 1) the United States is a young nation in the world; its sport is developed extremely fast, although started relatively late; the progressive education movement has boosted sports reform, being its driving power; 2) although the pro-gressive education movement in the United States has made great achievements, negative effects it produces are also tremendous; any “reform movements” mean for good things, but the results and effects they bring may be various; when we review achievements made in scholastic physical education reform in recent years by referring to past ex-periences, we should never just look at achievements made but neglect extremely formalized approaches that may get us off the right track, to which we should pay our vigilant attention; 3) affected by the progressive education movement, the United States has completely neglected gymnastic education, which resulted in very serious prob-lems with student’s constitution; scholastic gymnastic education in China in the new century should be further strengthened. |
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