刘洋1，2，张哲3，张豪天4，徐航宇4，苏健蛟1，4，5
(1.武汉体育学院 东北亚民族传统体育研究中心，湖北 武汉 430079；2.国家体育总局武术运动管理中心，北京 100029；3.中央司法警官学院，河北 保定 071000；4.武汉体育学院 武术学院，湖北 武汉 430079；5.湖北省非物质文化遗产研究中心，湖北 武汉 430079)
摘 要：考察八段锦锻炼对服刑人员前额叶皮层的影响并分析心理健康促进的应用价值，为特殊场所制定科学的锻炼方案提供参考。从某监狱13个监区招募男性服刑人员129名。依据SCL-90量表测评结果，交叉验证监狱心理咨询师的评估意见，对受试者心理健康水平进行划分。共计117名服刑人员完成全部实验流程，其中对照组53人、实验组64人。采用fNIRS采集前额叶皮层血流动力学指标，所有受试者接受每周3次、每次40 min、共12周的中低强度八段锦锻炼干预后，使用二元Logistic回归分析筛选相关指标并进行工作特征曲线分析。结果显示：实验组干预后，前额叶区域激活水平较干预前显著升高；二元Logistic回归分析表明，实验组积分值与前额叶区激活水平有关；ROC分析表明，实验组前额叶区积分值的曲线下面积为0.770，最佳诊断界值为209.50 mm*mm，敏感度为56.6%，特异度为84.4%。研究认为：八段锦作为一种有氧运动，在锻炼过程中能够有效提升心理异常服刑人员前额叶皮层的血流动力学特征，显著激活前额叶皮层功能活动，改善前额叶神经激活模式，为服刑人员心理健康改善提供神经生理基础。
关 键 词：运动生理学；八段锦锻炼；前额叶皮层；血流动力学；功能性近红外光谱技术
中图分类号：G804.7 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-7116(2026)05-0152-07
Effect of Baduanjin exercise on blood flow dynamics characteristics in prefrontal cortex of prisoners: Evidence from the functional near-infrared spectroscopy
LIU Yang1, 2，ZHANG Zhe3，ZHANG Haotian4，XU Hangyu4，SU Jianjiao1, 4, 5
(1.Research Centre for Northeast Asian Ethnic Traditional Sports，Wuhan Sports University，Wuhan 430079，China；2.Wushu Administrative Center of the General Administration of Sport of China，Beijing 100029，China；3.National Police University for Criminal Justice，Baoding 071000，China；4.College of Wushu，Wuhan Sports University，Wuhan 430079，China；5.Hubei Provincial Research Center for Intangible Cultural Heritage，Wuhan 430079，China)
Abstract: To investigate the effects of Baduanjin exercise on the blood flow dynamic characteristics of the prefrontal cortex in prisoners with different mental health statuses, exploring its multifaceted fitness value and providing a reference for prison authorities in implementing scientific exercise programs. 129 male inmates were recruited from 13 prison wards to participate in the test, and based on the results of the SCL-90 scale and cross-validation by prison psychologists, a total of 117 people completed the overall experiment, including 53 people in the control group and 64 people in the experimental group. Near-infrared brain functional imaging was used to collect blood flow dynamic characteristics of the prefrontal cortex. After a 12-week Baduanjin intervention conducted three times per week, 40 minutes per session, at low-to-moderate intensity, binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify key indicators affecting prefrontal cortex activation, followed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results show that after the intervention, the experimental group showed higher activation in the prefrontal cortex than before the intervention, and no significant change was observed in the control group. Binary logistic regression showed that the integral value in the experimental group was associated with prefrontal activation. ROC analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.770 for the prefrontal integral value in the experimental group, yielding a sensitivity of 56.6% and specificity of 84.4%. Conclusion is that as an aerobic exercise, Baduanjin can effectively improve the flood flow dynamic characteristics of the prefrontal cortex for prisoners, significantly activating the functional activity of the prefrontal cortex and improving the neural activation pattern of the prefrontal cortex, providing a neurophysiological basis for improving the mental health of them.
Keywords: sports physiology；Baduanjin exercise；prefrontal cortex；blood flow dynamics；functional near-infrared spectroscopy technology