李智1，王纬航1，刘永平2
(1.福州大学 法学院，福建 福州 350108；2.福州大学 国际法研究所，福建 福州 350108)
摘 要：《反对在体育运动中使用兴奋剂国际公约》的制定与实施，体现了“动态纳入”的国际造法模式。该模式突破传统依赖国家间谈判的立法路径，借助“规范引入—效力确认—参照适用”三重机制，将体育领域的反兴奋剂治理规则转化为国际法规范，并推动各国在国内法层面实现协调一致。但《公约》实际推进中，监督机制、执行效力与保障措施等面临更深刻的挑战。未来，《公约》亟需通过建立独立监督机制、完善规范协同框架及健全纠纷解决程序等手段，持续推动全球反兴奋剂治理体系的发展变革。
关 键 词：体育法；《反对在体育运动中使用兴奋剂国际公约》；国际造法实践；全球治理；规则实施
中图分类号：G80-05 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-7116(2026)05-0085-07
The law-making practice and reform development of the International Convention against Doping in Sports
LI Zhi1，WANG Weihang1，LIU Yongping2
(1.School of law，Fuzhou University，Fuzhou 350108，China；2.Institute of International Law，Fuzhou University，Fuzhou 350108，China)
Abstract: The formulation and implementation of the International Convention against Doping in Sport reflect a dynamic integration model of international law-making. This model transcends the traditional legislative approach that relies on interstate negotiations, through a tripartite mechanism of norm introduction, validity confirmation, and referential application, which transforms anti-doping governance rules in the field of sports into international legal norms, and also promotes harmonization at the domestic legal level across nations. However, in its actual implementation, the Convention's that faces challenges regarding its supervision mechanisms, enforcement efficacy, and safeguard measures. In near future, this convention urgently needs to advance the evolution of the global anti-doping governance system by establishing independent oversight mechanisms, improving the framework for normative coordination, and refining dispute resolution procedures.
Keywords: sports law；the International Convention against Doping in Sports；international law-making practice；global governance；rule implementation