平台经济下“体育外卖”从业者劳动过程研究 ——基于N市的田野考察

马振川¹，万义¹，都志豪²

(1.吉首大学 体育科学学院，湖南 吉首  416000；2.中国矿业大学 体育学院，江苏 徐州  221000)

摘      要：基于对N市“体育外卖”(上门体育服务)从业者劳动过程的深度田野调查发现：“平台”的激励与规训共同构成一种强大的“驯化性架构”，迫使“从业者”将技能的“使用权”与“展示权”部分让渡于平台的“数据呈现技术”等。而在“技能让渡”与“技术控制”的“角—力”之间，“从业者”也通过“直联”等方式形成“弱者的武器”，并最终在寻求主体性的复杂博弈中完成“抵抗的艺术”。研究认为：平台经济下，“平台”与“体育外卖”从业者的关系并非简单地“控制—反抗”的二元对立，而是一种“控制—让渡—再造”的动态博弈关系，这为传统劳动过程理论的微观修正，以及对理解数字时代的劳资关系、平台治理以及体育业态发展等提供重要参考。

关  键  词：体育数字化转型；平台经济；上门体育；体育外卖；劳动过程

中图分类号：G80-05    文献标志码：A    文章编号：1006-7116(2026)02-0085-08

Labor process of practitioners with sports takeout in the platform economy

——Based on the field survey in city N

MA Zhenchuan¹，WAN Yi¹，DU Zhihao²

(1.School of Sports Science，Jishou University，Jishou 416000，China；2.School of Physical Education，China University of Mining and Technology，Xuzhou 221000，China)

Abstract: This study is based on a deep field investigation of the labor process of "sports takeout" (door-to-door sports service) practitioners in city N, and then finds that the incentives and training of the "platform" together constitute a powerful "domestication framework", and forcing "practitioners" to partially transfer their "right to use" and "right to display" skills to the platform's "data presentation technology". But between the tension of "skill transfer" and "technological control", "practitioners" also form "weapons of the weak" via "direct connections" and other means, and ultimately complete the "art of resistance" in the complex game of seeking subjectivity. The research suggests that under the platform economy, the relationship between "platforms" and "sports delivery" practitioners is not simply a binary opposition of "control-resistance", but a dynamic game relationship of "control- transfer-reconstruction", which would provide several important references for the micro revisions of traditional labor process theory, as well as understanding labor capital relations, platform governance, and sports industry development in the digital times.

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