席隆，罗应景，阴文慧，乔凤杰
(清华大学 体育部，北京 100084)
摘 要：以建构主义扎根理论为方法论基础，探究武术运动员竞技身份的建构过程及其竞技身份消解和认同转向的成因。经过4轮编码，建构武术运动员身份建构及认同转向理论模型。研究表明武术技艺精进、竞技目标驱动、社会环境塑造、文化符号构建4个因素共同建构武术运动员的竞技身份。随着竞技生涯过渡与结束，身份认同在职业与场域的影响下呈现不同程度的演变。其中，受到外部因素文化传统召唤、竞技环境挑战、群体理念冲突，以及个体因素传统哲学内化、武术价值再审视的影响，竞技身份逐渐消解，转向对传统武术认同的回归。基于此理论模型，提出未来发展路径：守正固本，德技双修；和合共生，认同共塑；承古启新，因时而进。
关 键 词：扎根理论；竞技武术；武术运动员；竞技身份；身份认同；认同转向
中图分类号：G852 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-7116(2025)02-0025-08
The dissolution of “competition”: A qualitative study on the identity construction and recognition shift for Wushu athletes
XI Long，LUO Yingjing，YIN Wenhui，QIAO Fengjie
(Division of sports Science and Physical Education，Tsinghua University，Beijing 100084，China)
Abstract: Based on the constructivism and the grounded theory as the methodology basic, this study explores the process of competitive identity construction among Wushu athletes, as well as the causes of the dissolution of this identity and the shift in recognition. Through four rounds of coding, a theoretical model of Wushu athletes' identity construction and recognition shift has been developed. The research shows that the factors of skill advancement in Wushu, competitive goal-driven motivation, social environment shaping, and also cultural symbol construction collectively form the competitive identity for Wushu athletes. As athletes transition through and conclude their competitive careers, identity recognition evolves to varying degrees under the influence of professional contexts and fields. Among that, influenced by external factors such as the call of cultural tradition, challenges within the competitive environment, conflicts in group ideology, and individual factors such as the internalization of traditional philosophy and the reevaluation of Wushu values, the competitive identity gradually dissolves leading to a return to traditional Wushu recognition. Based on this theoretical model, future development paths have been proposed as follows: adhering to fundamental principles, cultivating both virtue and skill; promoting harmony and coexistence, co-shaping recognition; and inheriting the past and innovate, advancing with the times.
Keywords: the grounded theory；competitive Wushu；Wushu athletes；competitive identity；identity recognition；recognition shift