(华南师范大学 体育科学学院，广东 广州 510006)
摘 要：《日本近代学校体育研究（1868—1936年）》一书，结合日本近代由弱到强进而走向侵略扩张的社会背景，系统梳理和深入剖析这一历史时期学校体育的流变历程、特征、作用、历史地位及影响因素，反思其学校体育的军国主义化。研究认为：日本近代学校体育并非单纯的体育教育活动，它是近代教育的重要构项，是日本推进文明开化的场域之一，在改善国民体质方面发挥了重要作用。但随着军国主义的蔓延，学校体育逐渐与军事捆绑，逐步沦为扩军备战的工具，既违背其自身的发展规律，也对学生身心健康造成严重伤害。学校体育只有回归教育本质，才能得到健康持续的发展，真正实现促进学生全面发展的目的。
关 键 词：学校体育；历史流变；《日本近代学校体育研究(1868—1936年)》
中图分类号：G807 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-7116(2024)05-0131-04
The historical changes of modern school physical education inJapan
——Review of studies on modern school physical education inJapan(1868—1936)
TAN Hua
(School of Physical Education，South China Normal University，Guangzhou 510006，China)
Abstract: The book that studies on modern school physical education in Japan (1868-1936), combines the social background of Japan's modern era from weakness to strength and then to aggression and expansion, and analyze in depth and systematically sort out the change course, characteristics, role, historical status and influencing factors of school physical education in this historical period, and to review on the militarization of school physical education. The study argues that: the modern school physical education inJapanis not simply a physical education activity, but an important component of modern education, one of the areas to promoting civilization and enlightenment forJapan, and also plays an important role in improving the physical fitness for people inJapan. However, with the spread of militarism, school physical education have gradually become tied to the military and have been gradually reduced to a "tool of war", which is not only against the law of its own development, but also causes serious harm to the physical and mental health among students in Japan. It is proposed that only by returning to the essence of education could school physical education develop in a healthy and sustainable manner, and also truly realize the purpose of promoting the all-round development for students.
Keywords: school physical education；historical changes；study of modern school physical education inJapan(1868-1936)