Differences in spatial perception ability among different-level soccer players: A study based on behavioral science and fNIRS YIN Chunyu，SHI Li，ZHANG Wen
(1.Department of Physical Education and Research，Northwest University，Xi’an 710127，China；2.Department of Public Course Teaching and Research，Shaanxi Youth Vocational College，Xi’an 710100，China；3.School of Physical Education，Shaanxi Normal University，Xi’an 710119，China)
Abstract:Spatial perception ability is a critical factor to influence the motor skills of soccer players and also plays a central role in enhancing athletic performance. In this study, 20 national-level soccer players (expert group) and 20 physical education college students from football clubs (novice group) were selected, and by using the functional near-infrared spectroscopic imaging (fNIRS), between-group differences in behavioral performance, prefrontal cerebral blood oxygenation (Oxy-Hb) activation, and functional brain connectivity during a mental rotation task were also discussed. The results revealed that: (1) The expert group exhibited significantly higher correct rates (P < 0.05) and shorter reaction times (P < 0.01) in the mental rotation task compared to the novice group. (2) Activation in the left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, frontal pole area, and right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex was lower in the expert group (P < 0.05), with stronger interbrain functional connectivity. The study suggested that: long-term football training appears to alter the spatial perceptual processing mode in athletes, enhancing neural resource efficiency and promoting stronger brain network connectivity, and these findings contribute valuable insights into the cognitive benefits associated with soccer training.