(1.华南师范大学 体育科学学院,广东 广州 510006;2.安庆师范大学 体育学院,安徽 安庆 246133) 摘 要:从法理角度将体育明星商业开发中的应然权利定位于运动员发展权,具体包括自主 开发权、品牌经营权、活动收益权和权利救济权。体育明星商业开发中的实然权力指向体育公共 行政权。权利与权力冲突表现为自主开发权与行政许可权、品牌经营权与竞赛管理权、活动收益 权与利益分配权、纪律处罚权与权利救济权 4 个方面。冲突的实质是自由价值与秩序价值,个人 利益与国家利益、社会公共利益的冲突。冲突的成因体现在体育产业、体育法治及运动员权利意 识 3 个层面。借鉴法治国家的比例原则,提出 4 点可能的平衡路径:立法层面,以《体育法》修 改为契机,从体育立法上设计权利与权力的相对平衡;执法层面,以比例原则为指引,从执法上 实现权利与权力运行的具体平衡;司法层面,为权利与权力的冲突提供多元救济机制;守法层面, 双方亟需树立法律素养,增强法治观念。 关 键 词:体育法;体育明星;商业开发;权利与权力 中图分类号:G80-05 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-7116(2022)02-0054-05 |
WANG Fei,ZHOU Aiguang
(1.School of Physical Education,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China; 2.School of Physical Education,Anqing Normal University,Anqing 246133,China) Abstract: From the perspective of juridical logic, the natural right of commercial exploitation of sports stars should include the right of independent development, the right of brand management, the right of profit from activities and the right of relief; and the right of commercial development of sports stars refers to the being sports public administration. The conflicts between rights and powers are manifested in four aspects: the right of independent development and the right of administrative license, the right of brand management and the right of competition management, the right of profit from activities and the right of interest distribution, the right of disciplinary punishment and the right of right relief; the essence of the conflict is the conflict between the value of freedom and the value of order, and the conflict embodied in personal interests with state interests, social public interests; the causes of the conflict are reflected in three aspects: sports industry, sports law and athletes' right consciousness. Referring to the principle of proportionality in a country ruled by law, this paper puts forward four possible paths to balance as follows: at the legislative level, taking the amendment of sports law as an opportunity to design the relative balance between rights and powers in sports legislation; in the aspect of law enforcement, taking the principle of proportionality as a guide to realize the specific balance between rights and powers in law enforcement; at the judicial level, providing multiple relief mechanisms for the conflict between rights and powers; at the law-abiding level, both sides need to establish legal awareness and enhance the concept of rule of law. Keywords: sports law;sports star;commercial exploitation;right and power |
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