(1.福建师范大学 体育科学学院，福建 福州 350117；2.西密歇根大学，美国 密歇根州 49008；3.福建省教育厅 普通教育教学研究室，福建 福州 350003；4.福建师范大学 外国语学院，福建 福州 350007) 摘 要：采用文献资料、田野调查、访谈等研究方法，分析了美国家庭、学校、社区促进5~12岁儿童课外身体活动工作的特点。研究表明：(1)美国家庭对儿童的身体活动重视程度高，注重在身体活动中对儿童进行品格教育，热衷带领儿童从事户外运动；(2)美国学校通过有趣和方便实用的游乐场化的场地和器材，充分利用课间休息组织儿童课外身体活动；(3)美国公益性社区娱乐中心、私立性社区体育俱乐部、众多儿童室外游乐场为提高儿童社区身体活动水平提供保障。对我国的启示：家庭、学校、社区联动是促进儿童课外身体活动的最有效途径；加强大课间体育活动的方便性、实用性和趣味性；重视建造具有多种健身功能的室外儿童游乐场；小学和幼儿园体育场地设施在课余、节假日和寒暑假首先应考虑向儿童开放。 |
YUAN Guang-feng1，ZHANG Shui-shun1，ZHENG Xiang-rong1，XIE Xiu-ye2，CHEN Ming-xiang3，HE Ya-wen4
(1.School of Physical Education and Sport Science，Fujian Normal University，Fuzhou 350117，China；2.Western Michigan University，MI 49008，USA；3.General Education and Teaching Laboratory, Fujian Education Department，Fuzhou 350003，China；4.College of Foreign Languages，Fujian Normal University，Fuzhou 350007，China) Abstract: This paper analyzes the characteristics on promoting the extracurricular physical activity for children aged 5-12 years by the combination of families, schools, and communities in the United States through the method of literature review, field survey and interviews. The results show that: (1) families lay high emphasis on children’s physical activities, the character education of children in the physical activities and keen on out-door sports with them; (2) schools organize children's extracurricular physical activities by making full use of the convenient and practical amusement grounds and facilities in the between-class intervals; (3) the recreation centers of commonweal community, sports clubs of private community, and many out-door playgrounds for children provide guarantee for improving children's physical activity levels in the community. The implication for China are as follows: the linkage of families, schools, and the communities can be the most effective way to enhance children's extracurricular physical activity; the convenient, practical and interesting activities should be strengthened in between-class intervals; more attention can be attached on the construction of outdoor children playgrounds with a variety of fitness function; and the sports facilities in elementary school and kindergartens can be prior open to the children during the period of after class, on holidays, or on summer and winter vacations. |
下载本期全文：点击下载