摘 要：探究12周跑姿再训练(GR)对等长收缩时踝关节跖屈力矩、跟腱形态学及力学特性的影响，以期为提高跟腱传递力、预防和减少跑者跟腱损伤风险提供有效训练方法。将受试者随机分为GR组和对照组(CON组)，完成干预的受试者共34人，其中GR组20人，CON组14人。GR组穿着极简鞋进行前掌跑训练，CON组穿着原有跑鞋并保持原有的跑姿及强度进行跑步。干预前后使用超声影像联合等长收缩量化受试者跟腱长度及横截面积、跖屈力矩、峰值跖屈发力率、跟腱力、应力和应变。使用双因素重复测量方差分析进行统计。结果：12周跑姿再训练后，踝关节跖屈力矩存在时间的主效应(P<0.01)，其中训练后GR组跖屈力矩增大的比例比CON组高17.1%；跟腱横截面积存在组别主效应(P<0.05)，其中GR组的跟腱横截面积显著大于CON组横截面积，训练后GR组横截面积增大的比例比CON组高5.3%；跟腱力峰值存在时间主效应(P<0.01)，其中训练后GR组跟腱力峰值增大的比例比CON组高17.1%。结论：12周循序渐进的跑姿再训练可以作为一种有效的干预手段，以增强踝关节屈肌力量，提高跟腱承载负荷和传递力的能力。 |
DENG Li-qin，ZHANG Xi-ni，XIAO Song-lin，YANG Yang，FU Wei-jie
(Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education，Shanghai University of Sport，Shanghai 200438，China) Abstract: The effects of 12-week gait retraining(GR) on Achilles tendon (AT) morphology, the plantarflexion moment and AT mechanical properties during maximal voluntary isometric contraction were explored in this study in order to increase the ability to transmit force and provide effective training methods decreasing and preventing the AT injuries. Participants were randomly divided into the GR group and control (CON) group. In total, 34 participants completed the intervention, with 20 in the GR group and 14 in the CON group. The GR group ran with forefoot strike pattern (FFS) with minimal shoes, while the CON group was trained with their own original running shoes and keep the original foot strike pattern and exercising intensities. The morphological properties of AT, namely, length and cross-sectional area (CSA) were obtained by ultrasound, and the Con-Trex dynamometer was used simultaneously to measure and calculate plantarflexion torque, rate of torque development, stress and strain of AT before and after training. Two-way repeated ANOVA was used to analyze data. Results are as follows: after 12-week gait retraining, the significant time effect of the plantarflexion torque was found (P < 0.01), specifically, the rate of increase of plantarflexion torque in the GR was 17.1% more than it in the CON group; 2) the significant group effect of the CSA was observed (P < 0.05), specifically, the CSA of the GR group was significantly larger than the CON group, the rate of increase of CSA in the GR was 5.3 % more than it in CON group; 3) the Achilles tendon force was found (P < 0.01), specifically, the rate of increase of plantarflexion torque in the GR was 17.1% more than it in CON group. Conclusion are as follows: the step-by-step 12-week gait retraining could be considered as an effective training method to enhance the muscle strength of the ankle, AT mechanical properties, and the loading ability. |
下载本期全文：点击下载