(1.上海师范大学 体育学院，上海 200234；2.邢台职业技术学院 体育工作部，河北 邢台 054000) 摘 要：以中国裁判文书网为数据来源，依据《人民法院民事裁判文书制作规范》判决文书构成要素，对所收录的54份老年体育伤害事故民事判决文书的首部、事实、理由、裁判依据、裁判主文等展开分析。研究发现诉讼过程中，老年体育伤害事故案件多为侵权责任纠纷案件；老年人体育活动场地需对老年人履行维护公共安全、管理、预见告诫、通知救助等具体职责；自冒风险可成为老年体育伤害事故案件的有效抗辩；老年体育伤害事故责任划分多采用过错责任原则、无过错责任原则以及公平责任原则。这些发现对老年体育伤害事故民事判决行动者具有重要启示作用，体现为老年体育参与者应尽到相应的注意义务，促进代理律师对老年体育伤害事故案件的参与，场地管理者与活动组织者应在“人”和“物”两方面尽到安全保障义务等。
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LIU Yuan-pu1，CHU Min-ming1，DONG Zhi-zhou2，CHANG Zhuo1，SHI Wei-jin1
(1.School of Physical Education，Shanghai Normal University，Shanghai 200234，China； Abstract: With China judgments online as the data source, based on Specification of the Making of Civil Judicial Documents endorsed by the People’s Courts, the paper aims to conduct an empirical analysis of the 54 civil judg-ment documents of the injury accidents in physical activities for the elderly, studying the characteristics of the body content, including the header, facts, arguments, referee bases, and main judgement body. The results show that in the course of litigation, the elderly sports injury accidents are mostly tort liability disputes; physical activity venues need to perform specific duties such as maintaining public safety, improving management, and offering preventive warnings and notifications for assistance. In addition, their assumption of risk may be the reason for venues to shun the responsibility, and the liability division mostly follows the principle of fault liability, non-fault liability and fair liability for the elderly with injury accidents. These results have significant implications for civil adjudicators in ad-dressing relevant cases. The implications are as follows: the elderly should work out exercises with attention; more lawyers should be encouraged to participate in relevant cases; venue managers and event organizers should fulfill their due obligations for both the elderly and sports facilities on the safety front.
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