（1.湘潭大学 法学院，湖南 湘潭 411105；2.法治湖南建设与区域社会治理协同创新中心，湖南 湘潭 411105） 摘 要：关于职业体育领域兴奋剂的控制，美国和中国存在着差异。美国最初受制于劳方的反对，对职业体育中兴奋剂控制力度较少，但在各方压力下目前美国的主要职业体育联盟都已经对兴奋剂采取了控制措施，但并没有形成统一的兴奋剂控制制度，而是由各联盟自行制定相关措施。为加强对职业体育领域兴奋剂的统一控制，美国议会已经提出了多个法案，包括《2005年清洁体育法》(草案)、《职业体育诚信法》(草案)、《体育领域消除兴奋剂法》(草案)等，但尚没有获得通过。中国目前在职业体育中采取统一的兴奋剂检测和处罚制度，具有较强的行政管制色彩。未来中国职业体育兴奋剂控制应该注重职业体育的特性，注意发挥职业体育联盟的作用。 |
ZHOU Qing-shan1，2
（1.Law School of Xiangtan University，Xiangtan 411105，China；2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Hunan Legalization and Local Governance，Xiangtan 411105，China) Abstract: In doping control in the professional sports area, the United States and China have differences. As re-strained by the objection of the players, initially the United States had lesser control over doping in professional sports, but under the pressure of various parties, currently all the major professional sports leagues in the United States have already taken control measures on doping, yet a unified doping control system has not been formed, but related measures have been established by the leagues themselves. In order strengthening the unified control over doping in the professional sports area, the US congress has put forward several acts, including the Clean Sports Act 2005 (Draft), Integrity Law for Professional Sports (Draft), Drug-Free Sports Act, etc, which have not been passed yet. At present, China adopts a unified doping test and punishment system in professional sports, which has a strong sense of administrative control. In the future, for doping control in professional sports, China should focus on the characteristics of professional sports, and pay attention to exerting the functions of professional sports leagues. |
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