| （1.贵州师范大学 体育学院，贵州 贵阳 550001；2.贵州省体育运动学校，贵州 贵阳 550002；3.泰山学院 体育学院，山东 泰安 271021；4.湖南城市学院 体育学院，湖南 益阳 413000） 摘 要：我国体育社会组织主体性缺失是“场域”“资本”和“惯习”3种因素共同作用的结果。体育的目标定位和“举国体制”的确立构成体育内部的行动框架，体育政府部门凭借自身的政治资本和经济资本获取场域内部的主动权，制定体育场域特有的行动逻辑和规则，主导体育社会组织的实践行为。体育政府部门的指令、控制和干预等行政惯习遏制了体育社会组织的发展；体育社会组织在资金、规范和专业技术等方面对政府的依赖惯习使其失去了独立性；而传统文化惯习使我国体育社会组织丧失了社会认同和支持。研究认为应重新调整体育场域内部的资本，架构新的场域结构；政府部门应当摈除行政惯习，逐步下放权力；体育社会组织必须摒弃内在化的依赖惯习，从资金、规范和专业技术等方面增强自身的独立性；普通民众应逐步突破传统思维的禁锢，构建对体育社会组织的认同。 |
LIU Zhuan-qing1，YIN Zhi-guo2，GUO jun3，XIA Gui-xia4
| （1.School of Physical Education，Guizhou Normal University，Guiyang 550001，China；2.Guizhou Sports School，Guiyang 550002，China；3.School of Physical Education，Taishan University，Taian 271021，China；4.School of Physical Education，Hunan City University，Yiyang 413000，China) Abstract: Subjectivity absence in sports social organizations in China is the result of joint functioning of such 3 factors as “field domain”, “capital” and “habit”. Sports objective orientation and “nationwide system” establishment set up the sports internal action framework, relying on their own political capital and economic capital, sports government departments obtain initiative inside the field domain, establish the sports domain’s particular action logic and rules, and guide sports social or-ganizations’ practical behaviors. Sports government departments’ administrative habits such as directive, control and inter-vention contain the development of sports social organizations; sports social organizations’ government relying habit makes them lose independence in terms of fund, norm and specialized technology etc; while traditional cultural habits make sports social organizations in China lose social recognition and support. In the authors’ opinion, capital inside the sports field do-main should be readjusted, and a new field domain structure should be set up; government departments should get rid of ad-ministrative habits, and gradually transfer power to lower levels; sports social organizations must get rid of internalized rely-ing habits, and enhance their own independence in terms of fund, norm and specialized technology etc; common people should gradually break traditional thinking confinement, and build up recognition to sports social organizations. |
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