| （1.西安理工大学 体育教学部，陕西 西安 710048；2.东北师范大学 体育学院，吉林 长春 130024） 摘 要：探索运动领域专项认知能力的评价指标以及干预方法，以期提高科学化的运动认知训练水平。对定向运动项目练习者进行若干专项认知指标及技能评价的分析，辅以专项认知技能训练，探索采用科学的评价方法和认知能力提高训练的效果。结果发现，在定向运动认知技能训练研究中，采用路线规划与优秀运动员的视频录像相结合进行识图搜索训练，并在此基础上进行地图情景识别记忆训练，实验组的定向专项记忆成绩、完成规定路线的测试成绩显著高于控制组，完成规定路线的看图次数、看图时间、行进距离与直线距离比显著低于控制组。因此，有针对性进行运动员的认知能力训练有助于改善练习者对运动信息的记忆提取能力及视觉搜索效率，从而提高认知能力，改善运动成绩。 |
LIU Yang1，HE Jin-peng2，LIU Tian-yu2
| （1.School of Physical Education，Xi’an University of Technology，Xi’an 710048，China；2.School of Physical Education，Northeast Normal University，Changchun 130024，China) Abstract: In order to explore specialized cognition ability evaluation indexes and intervention methods used in the sport area, and hopefully to enhance scientized sports cognition training performance, the authors carried out an analysis of sev-eral specialized cognition indexes and skills evaluation on orienteering practicers, coupled with specialized cognitive skill training, explored training effect improvement by using scientific evaluation methods and cognitive ability, and revealed the following findings: in the study of orienteering cognitive skill training, carrying out map reading and searching training by using path planning coupled with excellent athlete video recording, and on such a basis, carrying out map scenario iden-tification and memorization training, the experiment group’s orienteering specialized memorization performance and stipulated path completion test performance were significantly higher than the control group’s; its map reading times, map reading time, distance walked and straight line distance for stipulated path completion were significantly fewer/less/shorter than the control group’s. Therefore, based on the experiment findings, carrying out athlete cognitive ability training in an action specific way is conducive to improving the practicers’ sports information memorizing and extracting ability and visual search efficiency, thus improving their cognitive ability and sports performance. |
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