| （安阳工学院 体育教学部，河南 安阳 455000） 摘 要：近年来，功能性训练在运动康复、力量及体能训练等领域得到了广泛运用且效果显著，同时存在理论认知模糊与实践操作盲目等问题。综合研究表明：功能性训练的产生具有深刻的学术及社会背景，是基于人体运动链理论、动作模式概念及竞技能力构成模型的一种训练理念及方法体系；强调运动康复及健康观念，坚持训练方法与目标运动方式的一致性，树立训练整体观念，强调核心区域力量的价值，重视运动过程中多方位多关节的联动作用等特征；基本内容涵盖功能动作筛查、物理治疗、功能动作训练；与传统训练理论是优势互补的辩证关系，针对运动员的竞技状态水平、训练时段要求、运动项目特征合理安排两者主次关系。中国体能训练理论体系需要挖掘民族传统体育，总结奥运竞技优势项目经验，选择性引进与吸收欧美新兴体能训练方法及理论。 |
JIANG Hong-bin
| （Department of Physical Education，Anyang Institute of Technology，Anyang 455000，China) Abstract: In recent years, functional training has been extensively applied in areas such as sports rehabilitation, strength and endurance training etc, and achieved a significant effect; in the mean time, there are problems such am-biguous theory cognition and blind practical operation etc. The author revealed the following findings: the produc-tion of functional is provided with profound academic and social backgrounds; functional training is a training con-ception and method system based on human movement chain theory, movement pattern concept and competitive ability composition model; it is provided with such characteristics as emphasizing sports rehabilitation and health conception, sticking to the consistency of training methods and the targeted way of movement, establishing training holism conception, emphasizing the value of strength in core areas, valuing the united function of multiple joints in multiple directions during movement etc; its basic contents cover functional movement screening, physical therapy, functional movement training; its relationship with traditional training theories is the dialectical relationship of mu-tual advantage supplementation, and the primary and secondary relation of the two types of training should be ra-tionally arranged according to athlete competition conditions, training period requirements and sports event charac-teristics. The endurance training theory system in China should work more on traditional national sports, summarize experiences in advantageous Olympic competitive events, and selectively introduce and absorb endurance training methods and theories emerging in European and American countries. |
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