| （江西师范大学 体育学院，江西 南昌 330022） 摘 要：利用德国Isomed2000等速肌力测试系统，在60、120、180 (°)/s的角速度下对7名运动员(1人为优秀运动员，6人为普通运动员)肘关节屈、伸肌进行等速肌力测试，并计算变异系数来评价他们左右手之间、屈伸肌之间的差异和平衡性，为发现优秀攀岩运动员肘关节屈伸肌独特的生物力学特征，为科学选材和训练指导提供依据。结果得到：优秀运动员伸肌的峰力矩与普通运动员基本相当，没有显著性差异，但是左、右手屈肌峰力矩在3种角速度下均明显大于普通运动员(P<0.05)；优秀运动员屈肌峰力矩出现的角度与普通运动员相比没有明显差异，但是伸肌峰力矩出现的角度均在36°左右，明显小于普通运动员的80°左右(P<0.01)；无论是屈肌还是伸肌的峰力矩，优秀运动员左手和右手之间没有显著性差异，其变异指数都明显低于普通运动员(P<0.05)，而普通运动员右手的屈肌峰力矩明显大于左手(P<0.01)；无论是左手还是右手，优秀运动员屈肌和伸肌峰力矩之间差异较小，其变异指数都明显低于普通运动员(P<0.01)。结果表明：对于攀岩运动员的肘关节来说，强有力的屈肌、收缩速度更快的伸肌，以及左右手之间、屈伸肌之间肌力的平衡，可能是在比赛中取得优异成绩的重要因素。 |
LI Jiang-hua，GE Yao-jun，LIU Yang
| （School of Physical Education，Jiangxi Normal University，Nanchang 330022，China) Abstract: By using the Isomed 2000 isokinetic muscle strength test system made in Germany, the authors did an isokinetic muscle strength test on the elbow joint flexors and extensors of 7 climbers (1 excellent climber and 6 or-dinary climbers) at the angular speeds of 60(°)/s, 120(°)/s and 180(°)/s, and calculated coefficient of variation to evaluate the differences and balance between their left and right hands, and between their flexors and extensors. The authors tried to find out the unique biomechanical characteristics of the elbow joint flexors and extensors of the ex-cellent rock climber, so as to provide a reference criterion for guiding scientific climber screening and training. The peak torques of the extensors of the excellent climber were basically the same as those of the ordinary climbers, there were no significantly differences, however, the peak torques of his left and right hand flexors, measured at the three angular speeds, were all significantly greater those of the ordinary climbers (P<0.05); the peak torque occur-rence angles of the flexors of the excellent climber were not significantly different from those of the ordinary climbers, however, the peak torque occurrence angles of his extensors were all approximately 36°, significantly smaller than those of the ordinary climbers, which were approximately 80° (P<0.01); there were no significant dif-ferences between the excellent climber’s left and right hands, no matter in terms of flexor peak torque or in terms of extensor peak torque, their CVs were all significantly smaller than those of the ordinary climbers (P<0.05), while the peak torque of the right hand of the ordinary climbers was significantly greater than that of their left hand (P<0.01); the differences between the peak torques of the flexors and extensors of the excellent climber were small, no mater in terms of his left hand or in terms of his right hand, their CVs were all significantly smaller than those of the ordinary climbers (P<0.01). The results indicated the following: in terms of the elbow joints of a rock climber, powerful flexors, extensors with a faster contraction speed, as well as muscle strength balance between left and right hands and between flexor and extensor, are likely important factors for the rock climber to achieve an outstanding result in a competition. |
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