| （1.天津体育学院 健康与运动科学系，天津 300381；2.美国伊利诺伊大学香槟分校，美国 伊利诺伊州 61801；3.天津瑞京代谢病医院 内科，天津 300380） 摘 要：为了开发并规范糖尿病患者运动阻碍的调查工具，弄清中国2型糖尿病患者的主要运动阻碍，运用国际上最新的教育/心理测量技术简化调查工具，更好地应用大规模人群。对197名2型糖尿病患者(男性104名，女性93名，平均年龄53.6岁)进行问卷调查。调查工具源自美国成熟的43项运动阻碍调查问卷，作为判定妨碍他们参加运动的程度。数据应用Rasch模型进行分析，通过其Logits值，判定运动阻碍的大小；然后根据Rasch模型的分析结果，在保持原来内容结构基础上，缩减问卷内容，通过相关性分析，筛选出最佳缩减的问卷版本。结果发现：缺乏运动的知识和专业人员的指导是我国2型糖尿病患者最主要的运动阻碍。运用新型试题应答理论模型(IRT)分析发现，4种缩减版本的问卷均与原来43项的版本具有相关性，16项的问卷工具效率最高，可推荐使用。 |
LI Qing-wen1，ZHU Wei-mo2，LI Mei3
| （1.Department of Health and Exercise Science，Tianjin University of Sport，Tianjin 300381，China；2.Champagne School，University of Illinois，Illinois 61801，USA；3.Tianjin Ruijing Metabolic Diseases Hospital，Tianjing 300380，China) Abstract: In order to develop and standardize a diabetic patient sports hindrance survey tool, and to clarify major sports hindrances suffered by type 2 diabetic patients in China, the authors applied the world latest educational/psychological measurement technology to simplify the survey tool, so that it can be applied to mass groups of people better. The authors carried out a questionnaire survey on 197 type 2 diabetic patients (104 males, 93 females, average age: 53.6). The survey tool originated from a mature sports hindrance survey questionnaire established in the United States, including 43 sports hindrances, used to determine the degree of hindrance in their sports participation. The authors analyzed the data by apply-ing the Rasch model, determined the magnitudes of sports hindrances based on their Logits values, and then analyzed the results according to the Rasch model, reduced questionnaire contents on the basis of maintaining the original content structure, screened out the best reduced questionnaire version by means of correlation analysis, and found that the lack of sports knowledge and the lack of professional guidance were major sports hindrances for type 2 diabetic patients in China. Based on their analysis by applying the new item response theory (IRT) model, the authors found that all the 4 reduced versions of questionnaires were correlative to the original 43-hindrance version, and that the 16-hindrance questionnaire tool had the highest efficiency, whose usage was recommended. |
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