| （浙江工业大学 体育军训部，浙江 杭州 310014） 摘 要：对国内外近20年来关于篮球比赛负荷特征的文献研究后发现：(1)篮球是在大约持续90 min的时间内完成的以高强度爆发性的跳跃、冲刺、对抗、拼抢等运动形态及中低强度的走、慢跑、专项化移动交替进行的不规则间歇性运动项目。平均不到3 s就有一次移动方式的变化，每30 s左右就有一次高强度的移动方式。(2)不同位置球员在比赛中所承受的负荷是不同的，以后卫最大。因此，篮球专项体能训练应突出位置特征、个体化特点。(3)不同性别的球员在比赛中所承受的负荷并无显著性差异，其训练方法和强度控制可以互相借鉴。(4)水平级别越高的球员，其所承受的比赛负荷也越高。 |
LIU Jun，CHENG Li-ping，XU Jian-hua
| （Department of Physical Education，Zhejiang University of Technology，Hangzhou 310014，China） Abstract: Having studied basketball game load characteristics related literatures published at home and abroad in recent 20 years, the authors revealed the following findings: 1) basketball is an irregular intermittent sports event in which high intensity explosive moves such as jumping, sprinting, contesting and fighting, as well as medium and low intensity working, jogging, and specialized moving, are alternatively made within a duration of approximately 90min; averagely a way of moving is changed in less than 3s; there will be a way of high intensity moving every 30s approximately; 2) loads born by players at different positions are different, the load born by the back guard is the heaviest; therefore, stamina training specialized for basketball should highlight position characteristics and indi-vidualized features; 3) there is no significant difference between loads born by players of different genders in games; their training methods and intensities can be mutually referred to; 4) the higher the level of performance of a player is, the heavier the game load born by that player will be. |
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