| （台州学院 体育科学学院，浙江 临海 317000） 摘 要：短跑技术理论的更新和短跑技术的发展是提高短跑运动成绩的重要因素。半个多世纪以来，我国的短跑技术理论发生了重大变化。对那些曾经是大家争论的焦点问题进行回顾与总结，为推动我国短跑技术理论发展进而促进短跑运动水平的提高提供参考。“后扒式”着地技术和“屈蹬式”短跑技术已成为现代短跑技术的重要特征；“髋动力”学说的观点及放松技术对竞赛成绩的重要性已得到大家普遍的认可。而“后扒式”着地技术对整个支撑阶段动作技术有何影响；如何衔接不同场地上的短跑技术、如何在煤渣跑道和泥土场地上提高“屈蹬式”短跑技术的适用性，以及如何根据运动员的技术特点、形态条件及同等水平运动员的共同技术特征，对不同等级运动员做技术诊断和指导等问题有待于进一步研究。此外，加强放松训练方法手段的研究刻不容缓。 |
HUANG Da-wu
| （School of Physical Education，Taizhou Institute，Linhai 317000，China） Abstract: The updating of theories of sprint techniques and the development of sprint techniques are important fac-tors for high sprint performance. Major changes have occurred to theories on sprint techniques in China over the last half a century. For boosting the development of theories on sprint techniques in China and thus quickly enhancing sprint performance, it is very important to review and summarize hot issues that have once been debated by many researchers. The “reverse parabolic type” landing technique and “bending striding type” sprint technique have be-come important characteristics of modern sprint techniques. The importance of the views in the “hip power” theory and relaxation techniques for racing performance has been generally recognized by all. However, such issues as what effects will be produced by the “inverse parabolic type” landing technique on moving techniques in the entire supporting stage, how to smoothly connect sprint techniques on different racetracks, how to enhance the applicabil-ity of the “reverse parabolic type” technique on cinder and clay racetracks, and how to provide technical diagnosis and guidance for athletes at different levels according to their technical characteristics, figure conditions and com-mon technical characteristics of athletes at the same level, need to be further studied. In addition, immediate actions should be taken to strengthen the study of methods and means for relaxation training. |
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