| （1.河北体育学院 运动人体科学系；2.河北体育学院 运动训练系，河北 石家庄 050041；3.河北医科大学 附属第三医院，河北 石家庄 050051） 摘 要：探讨风味嗜好学习与睡眠剥夺、运动性疲劳的内在机制，寻找简便易行的手段治疗运动引起的睡眠障碍并消除疲劳。采用免疫组化方法，观察不同风味嗜好学习建立后大鼠下丘脑β-内啡肽表达的变化。结果发现嗜好学习建立后力竭游泳组大鼠的游泳时间延长。β-内啡肽表达水平各组之间存在显著差异，风味嗜好学习后力竭组、睡眠剥夺组显著高于力竭、睡眠剥夺对照组；风味嗜好学习各组与对应的风味嗜好气味学习组，奎宁嗜好学习组与对应的氨基酸嗜好学习组间均无显著差异；风味嗜好学习对适宜游泳各组影响不显著；睡眠剥夺、力竭游泳各对应组间β-内啡肽表达呈现同步变化的规律。结果说明风味嗜好学习、睡眠剥夺、游泳训练可以改变下丘脑相关核团β-内啡肽表达水平，其影响因刺激手段不同而异；风味嗜好学习过程中，味觉因素的作用可能大于刺激物本身的特点，营养成分对整合认知的影响不大；睡眠剥夺和力竭运动在其发生发展的过程中可能存在着共同的神经化学途径，提示利用风味嗜好学习产生无毒副作用的药理学效应，延时睡眠剥夺、力竭运动的不良进程，起到改善睡眠、促进恢复的作用。 |
LIU Li-ping1，MA Jun1，LI Lei2，BAI Wen-zhong1，CHENG Xi-yue3
| （1.Department of Human Movement and Science；2.Department of Movement and Training，Hebei Institute of Physical Education，Shijiazhuang 050041，China；3.Third Hospital，Hebei Medical University，Shijiazhuang 050011，China） Abstract: In order to probe into the intrinsic mechanism between flavor preferred learning and sleep deprivation as well as kinetic fatigue, and to seek for a simply practical way to treat kinetic sleep disorder and eliminate fatigue, the authors adopted an immunohistochemical method to observe the change of the expression of β-endorphin in hy-pothalamus of rats after different flavors preferred learning was established, and revealed the following findings: af-ter flavor preferred learning was established, the rats in the exhaustive swimming (ES) group swam longer; there is a significant difference in β-endorphin expression level (Eβ-endorphin) between various groups: after flavor preferred learning the Eβ-endorphin of the rats in the SE group and sleep deprived (SD) group is significantly higher than the Eβ-endorphin of the rats in corresponding ES control group and SD control group; there is no significant difference in Eβ-endorphin between various flavor preferred learning groups and corresponding odor preferred learning groups, as well as between the quinine preferred learning group and corresponding amino acid preferred learning group; the effect of flavor preferred learning on various moderate swimming groups is not significant; Eβ-endorphin shows a pat-tern of synchronous change between the SD group/ES group and corresponding control group. From the said find-ings the following conclusions were drawn: flavor preferred learning, sleep deprivation and swimming training can change the Eβ-endorphin of hypothalamus related nuclear clusters, and their effect varies with stimulation means; in the process of flavor preferred learning, the effect of the taste factor may be greater than the characterizes of stimulants themselves, and the effect of nutrient contents on overall sense is not significant; there might be a common neuro-chemical channel between sleep deprivation and exhaustive exercise in the process of their occurrence and devel-opment. It is hinted that the toxic side effect free pharmacological effect produced by flavor preferred learning can be utilized to delay the adverse process of sleep deprivation and exhaustive exercise, thus performing the function of improving sleep and promoting recovery. |
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