| （山东大学 体育人文社会学研究所，山东 济南 250061） 摘 要：根据美国体育专家学者的研究，阐述美国体质检测标准的定位、影响因素定位及解决方法。美国体质检测始于20世纪50年代，在1982年，库珀研究院(Cooper Institute)发展了另一个体质项目(FITNESSGRAM)，目的是为体育教师提供一个报告体质评价结果的简单方法、提高父母对孩子体质水平的意识。1999年库珀研究院研发了与体质项目相搭配的身体活动项目(ACTIVITYGRAM)。Cooper发展科学顾问委员会明确提出，体质项目适应范围是帮助个人评价健康相关联的体质水平，不适合评价学生分数及州标准、教师成功度、教学有效性以及学校体育项目的质量。 关 键 词：学生健康；体质检测；美国 中图分类号：G804.49 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-7116(2007)08-0068-06 |
YI Xiang-ren
| （Institute of Sports Sociology Humanities，Shandong University，Jinan 250061，China） Abstract: The author expatiated on the orientation and affecting factors of US student fitness test standard as well as their solutions based on researches done by US physical education experts and scholars, so as to provide some references for further study of Chinese student fitness test. More than half a century has passed since US fitness test was started in 1950. In 1982 Cooper Institute developed another fitness program in order to provide physical educa-tion teachers with a simple way to report fitness evaluation results as well as parents’ awareness of their children’s fitness level. In 1999 Cooper Institute developed the activity program that pairs with the fitness program. The Scien-tific Advisory Board of Cooper Institute clearly pointed out that the fitness program is applicable to helping indi-viduals evaluate their fitness level, but not suitable for evaluating student’s score, state standard, teacher’s success-fulness, teaching effectiveness, and the quality of scholastic sports events. |
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