赛前强化训练对短跨项目运动员T淋巴细胞和唾液SIgA的影响

（华南师范大学体育科学学院，广东广州510631）

摘要：通过对广东省田径队参加“2000年全国田径锦标赛”优秀短跨项目运动员4周大强度训练和比赛的跟踪调查，观察大强度长时间训练和比赛对其机体免疫机能的影响。结果表明：长时间大强度训练使T淋巴系统功能降低，整个训练期CD4+/CD8+值低于正常值，呈非常显著性差异（P＜0.01）；CD4+百分含量显著下降(P＜0.05），但CD8+百分含量变化不大。经过调整和比赛后，所有指标均有升高趋势，但没有统计学意义。整个训练和比赛中，

分泌型免疫球蛋白SIgA呈现对抗原刺激后的增加，训练后有显著性差异（P＜0.05）。结果提示：高水平田径短跨项目运动员赛前大强度长时间训练会导致机体T淋巴细胞免疫系统功能下降，但是粘膜免疫系统功能在外界抗原刺激下有所升高，且训练后SIgA的变化与CD4+及CD4+/CD8+值显著相关。因此，利用两者的变化可监测田径短跨项目运动员机体免疫系统功能的变化。

关键词：田径训练；强化训练；免疫系统；T淋巴细胞；分泌型免疫球蛋白A

中图分类号：G822.61 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-7116(2002)02-0115-03

Effects of strengthening training on T-lymphocytes and saliva secretary immunoglobulin A ( SIgA ) of elite short-distance and hurdle athletes
YAN Kai，XU Xiao-yang， DENG Shu-xun

(Institute of Physical Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631，China)
Abstract:The purpose of this study is to assay the effects of strengthen training on T-lymphocytes and saliva secretary immunoglobulin A (SIgA) system. After four weeks strengthening training,the effects of the training on T-Lymphocytes and SIgA of elite short-distance and hurdle athletes of Guang Dong province were studied. The results showed that during the training period ,the function of T-lymphocytes immune system decreased significantly（P＜0.01），especially the CD4+/CD8+ratio; CD4+ decreased notably(P＜0.05）, but CD8+ did not changed notably. All data tended to increase after the match. During the strengthening training and competition period, saliva SIgA increased markedly(P＜0.05）.It showed that strengthening training could decrease the function of T-lymphocytes immune system, but saliva SIgA could be raised after strengthen training, and it was related to the change of CD4+or CD4+/CD8+.So we can use these to monitor the function of immune system during the track and field training for the elite short-distance and hurdle athletes.
Key words: track and field；strengthening training;immune system;T-lymphocyte;saliva secretary immunoglobulin A (SIgA)

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