| （大连理工大学 高等教育研究院，辽宁 大连 116024） 摘 要：运用DEA-Tobit模型，以2014年我国第6次全国体育场地普查数据对31个省市自治区的体育场地资源配置效率及影响因素进行分析。研究表明：我国体育场地资源配置效率普遍偏低，且地区间差异明显，仅有12个地区达到配置有效，19个地区处于配置无效状态，综合配置效率为0.786 9±0.255 9。从综合配置效率看，导致资源无效配置的因素各不相同，有7个省是由于体育财政配置规模不合理所致，12个省市自治区因财政管理资源匮乏和资源投入不足双重因素所致；从规模效益变化看，有4个省市处于规模效益递增阶段，应继续增加投入，扩大场地规模，提高配置效率；15个省市自治区处于规模效率递减阶段，应控制投入总量，调整投资规模，优化资源配比；从外部影响因素看，地区经济发展水平、人口密度与地理面积均在不同程度上对场地资源配置效率产生显著影响。建议：各地区根据实际情况制定体育场地投入政策与配置方案；完善场地投资制度与监管体系；建立场地投入绩效与评价机制，有效提升我国体育场地资源配置效率。 |
YU Wen-qian，ZHU Yan
| （Institute of Higher Education，Dalian University of Technology，Dalian 116024，China) Abstract: By using the DEA-Tobit model, based on the data of the sixth national sports land survey in China in 2014, the authors analyzed the sports land resource allocation efficiencies of 31 provinces and autonomous regions, and affecting fac-tors. This research shows that Chinese sports land resource allocation efficiencies were generally low, and the differences between regions were significant, only 12 regions were allocation valid, 19 regions were in an allocation invalid condition, the comprehensive efficiency was 0.786 9±0.255 9. From the perspective of comprehensive allocation efficiency, the fac-tors that caused invalid resource allocation were different, invalid resource allocation was caused by irrational sports fiscal allocation scale in 7 provinces, by such double factors as the lack of fiscal management resources and insufficient resource input in 12 provinces and autonomous regions; from the perspective of scale benefit changing, 4 provinces were at a scale benefit progressively increasing stage, should continue to increase input, expand the land scale, and increase the allocation efficiency; 15 provinces and autonomous regions were at a scale benefit progressively decreasing stage, should control the total input volume, adjust the investment scale, and optimize the resource allocation ratio; from the perspective of external affecting factors, regional economy development level, population density and geographical area produced a significant ef-fect on land resource allocation efficiency to different extents. Proposals: various regions establish sports land input policies and allocation plans, perfect the land investment system and supervision system, establish a land input performance and evaluation mechanism, and effectively increase the Chinese sports land resource allocation efficiency. |
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