| （1.北京体育大学 教育学院，北京 100084；2.广东第二师范学院 体育学院，广东 广州 510310；3.华南师范大学 体育科学学院，广东 广州 510006） 摘 要：为了探究中超联赛球员高强度跑动表现的特征，选取2016赛季中超235场比赛打满全场球员(N=3 446名)的高强度跑动指标作为研究对象。以球员位置、球队实力和比赛阵型作为自变量，9项高强度跑动指标作为因变量进行研究。运用数据级数推断法，将球员位置、本队实力和比赛阵型对球员高强度跑动表现影响的显著性进行界定。研究结果显示：(1)中超联赛边路和前场球员表现出高强度跑速度快和间歇时间短的特征；本方控球时，高强度跑和冲刺跑距离边路和前场球员比中路和后场球员长；对方控球时，高强度跑和冲刺跑距离后场球员则比前场队员长。(2)本方控球时，高强度跑距离上游球队边后卫和中前卫比中游球队长，高强度跑距离中游球队的边前卫和前锋比上游球队长；对方控球时，高强度跑距离上游球队中后卫比下游球队长，高强度跑动距离中游和下游球队的边前卫和前锋比上游球队长。另外，高强度跑间歇时间上游球队边前卫和前锋比中游和下游球队长，所有位置球员上游球队高强度跑动速度快于下游球队。(3)本方控球时，高强度跑和冲刺跑距离4-2-3-1和4-3-3阵型的边后卫和边前卫比4-4-2阵型长；而对方控球时，中前卫的高强度跑距离则相反。另外，4-4-2和4-3-3阵型的中后卫本方控球时冲刺距离和前锋高强度跑距离比4-2-3-1阵型的长。因此，足球实践过程中，应该根据不同位置、不同实力以及不同阵型打法等情境因素进行针对性的体能训练和战术部署。 |
FANG Zuo-ming1，2，HUANG Zhu-hang1，LIU Hong-you3
| （1.School of Education，Beijing Sport University，Beijing 100084，China； 2.School of Physical Education，Guangdong University of Education，Guangzhou 510310，China；3.School of Physical Education，South China Normal University，Guangzhou 510006，China) Abstract: In order to probe into the characteristics of high intensity running performance of players in Chinese Super League (CSL), the authors selected the high intensity running indexes of full game players (N=3 446) in 235 games in CSL in the 2016 competition season as the research object, carried out the study by setting player position, team strength and competition formation as independent variables, and 9 high intensity running indexes as dependent vari-ables, defined the significance of effects of player position, one’s own team strength and competition formation on player high intensity running performance, and revealed the following findings: 1) in CSL, the wingers and frontcourt players showed such characteristics as fast high intensity running speed and short interval time; when one’s own team possessed the ball, the high intensity running and sprinting distances of the wingers and frontcourt players were longer than those of the midfielders and backcourt players; when the opponent team possessed the ball, the high intensity run-ning and sprinting distances of the backcourt players were longer than those of the frontcourt players; 2) when one’s own team possessed the ball, the high intensity running distances of the side backfielders and center halves of an up-stream team were longer than those of a midstream team, the high intensity running distances of the wing halves and forwards of an midstream team were longer than those of an upstream team; when the opponent team possessed the ball, the high intensity running distance of the side backfielders and center halves of an upstream team were longer than that of a downstream team, the high intensity running distances of the wing halves and forwards of a midstream team and a downstream team were longer than those of an upstream team; in addition, the high intensity running interval times of the wing halves and forwards of an upstream team were longer than those of a downstream team, the high in-tensity running speeds of the players at all positions of an upstream team were faster than those of a downstream team; 3) when one’s own team possessed the ball, high intensity running and sprinting distances of the side backfielders and wing halves in 4-2-3-1 and 4-3-3 formations were longer than those in a 4-4-2 formation; when the opponent team possessed the ball, the high intensity running distance of center halves was the opposite; in addition, when one’s own team possessed the ball, the sprinting distance of the center defenders and the high intensity running distance of the forwards in 4-4-2 and 4-3-3 formations were longer than those in a 4-2-3-1 formation. Therefore, in the process of football practice, target-specific physical strength training and tactical deployment should be carried out according to such scenario factors as different positions, different strength and different formations. |
下载本期全文：点击下载