“新课标”专项运动技能的分类辨析与完善策略

毛振明¹，蔺新茂²，刘成海¹，马立军³

(1.郑州大学 体育学院(校本部)，河南 郑州  450001；2.淮阴师范学院 体育学院，江苏 淮安  223300；3.北京大学 附属小学，北京  100871)

摘      要：2022年修订颁布的《义务教育体育与健康课程标准》(以下简称“新课标”)提出了“基本运动技能”和“专项运动技能”的新概念，在理解和贯彻执行新课标的过程中，专项运动技能，特别是“六大类专项运动技能”的分类方法必然成为理论界和实践界关注的焦点和研究课题。迄今国内外对体育教学内容分类的研究与方案众多，国内曾有综合交叉分类、身体素质分类、身体基本活动能力分类、教学目标分类及运动项目分类等方法。“新课标”以六大类运动项目的分类方法，起始于2004年教育部《普通高等学校体育教育本科专业各类主干课程教学指导纲要》，并在以后的课程教学文件中逐渐定型。但六大类运动项目分类法无论在分类学理论，还是对体育教学实践进行指导方面都存在局限。为更好助力新课标的顺利实施，采用文献资料法和逻辑分析法等，在对国内外体育教学内容分类方法进行理论梳理的基础上，对六大类运动项目分类法的局限进行分析并提出修正的策略。

关  键  词：学校体育；体育与健康课程标准；体育教学内容；专项运动技能

中图分类号：G807    文献标志码：A    文章编号：1006-7116(2025)05-0112-07

Classification distinguishing and improvement strategies of

specialized sports skills in the new curriculum standards

MAO Zhenming¹，LIN Xinmao²，LIU Chenghai¹，MA Lijun³

(1. School of Physical Education，Zhengzhou University(Main Campus)，Zhengzhou 450001，China；

2.School of Physical Education，Huaiyin Normal University，Huaian 223300，China；

3.Elementary School，Peking University，Beijing 100871，China)

Abstract: The "New Curriculum Standards for Physical Education and Health in Compulsory Education (2022)" (hereinafter referred to as the 2022 Physical Education New Curriculum Standards) introduces the new concepts of “basic sports skills” and “specialized sports skills”. In the process of understanding and implementing the New Curriculum Standards, the specialized sports skills, especially the classification methods of the "six major categories of specialized sports skills"—inevitably become focal points and research topics in both theoretical and practical domains. To date, numerous studies and schemes exist both domestically and internationally regarding the classification of physical education teaching content, including comprehensive cross-classifications, physical fitness classifications, basic physical activity ability classifications, teaching objective classifications, and sports event classifications. The six major categories of sports event classification method proposed in the New Curriculum Standards originated from the "Guidelines for Physical Education Curriculum Instruction in General Higher Education Institutions (2004)" and gradually solidifying in subsequent curriculum teaching documents. However, the six major categories of sports event classification method presents certain issues both in terms of classification theory and its guidance for physical education teaching practice. Aiming to assist better implementing the New Curriculum Standards, utilizing the methods of literature review and logical analysis, this study conducts a theoretical examination of existing domestic and international physical education teaching content classification methods, and analyzes the limitations of the six major categories of sports event classification method and then proposes strategies for its refinement.

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