孟祥龙1，吕明明1，刘阳2，于嘉佳2
(1.西安工程大学 体育部，陕西 西安 710048；2.陕西师范大学 体育学院，陕西 西安 710062)
摘 要：选取在校大学生23人，采用单因素被试内设计，运用眼动和功能性近红外光谱成像(fNIRS)技术，同步考察大学生在观赏体育赛事过程中对不同运动员群体身份(内群体：中国vs外国；外群体：外国vs外国)的认知加工特征。结果表明：(1)观赏内群体体育赛事后国家认同评分显著提升，且显著高于外群体体育赛事观赏。(2)内群体体育赛事观赏时，瞳孔直径、眼跳幅度显著高于外群体。(3)内群体体育赛事观赏时，额极区_体感联合区功能连接强度显著高于外群体，脑区协同活动与视觉注意投入呈正相关。研究揭示体育赛事通过群体身份调节注意分配、促进国家认同提升，为爱国教育提供神经科学证据。
关 键 词：赛事观赏；国家认同；群体身份；认知特征；功能性近红外光谱成像技术
中图分类号：G80-05 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-7116(2025)05-0058-09
Influence of group identity on college students' national identification during watching sports events: Combined evidence from eye tracking and fNIRS
MENG Xianglong1，LU Mingming1，LIU Yang2，YU Jiajia2
(1.Department of Physical Education，Xi'an Polytechnic University，Xi'an 710048，China；
2.School of Physical Education，Shaanxi Normal University，Xi'an 710062，China)
Abstract: A total of 23 college students were selected to simultaneously investigate the cognitive processing characteristics of different athletes' identity (in-group:Chinavs. foreign and out-group: foreign vs. foreign) during watching sports events by using a one-way within-subject experimental design and eye tracking and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technology. The results show that: (1) the national identification score was significantly higher after watching the inner group events, and it was significantly higher than that of the outside group sports events. (2) When watching sports events in the inner group, the pupil diameter and saccade amplitude were significantly higher than those in the outer group. (3) During watching sports events in the inner group, the functional connectivity intensity of the frontal pole area-somatosensory joint area was significantly higher than that of the outside group, and the coordinated activity of brain region was positively correlated with visual attention investment. The present study reveals that sports events could promote the enhancement of national identification through group identity to regulate attention distribution, which provides evidence in neurosciences for patriotic education.
Keywords: event viewing；national identification；group identity；cognitive characteristics；fNIRS