刘顺1，周浩2，鲍明晓1
(1.北京体育大学 中国体育政策研究院，北京 100084；2.河南师范大学 体育学院，河南 新乡 453007)
摘 要：科学合理地制定和执行公共政策是国家将制度优势转化为治理效能的重要途径。研究采用潜在狄利克雷分配和社会网络分析，基于结构功能主义理论对1979—2024年1 574份“三大球”政策文本的注意力配置和部门协同治理网络演进进行分析。结果表明：(1)政策注意力配置呈螺旋发展态势，治理重心由单一竞技体育导向逐步向全民健身开展、场地设施供给、校园足球发展、赛事经济扩大、职业体育改革等多元目标协调发展；(2)部门协同治理网络由松散型逐渐演变为协调型，治理模式由单一主体主导向多元主体共治转型；(3)政策治理体系逐步完善，但仍存在政策适应性不足、目标设定不清晰、协同机制不完善和模式维持薄弱等问题，导致我国“三大球”政策协同治理过程难以形成政策合力。新型举国体制背景下，我国“三大球”政策制定应进一步精准定位治理靶心，增强政策适应功能；优化部门权责分工，促进目标协同实现；加强网络整合力度，构建协同治理体系；规范模式维持标准，培养共同价值观念。
关 键 词：“三大球”政策；政策网络；结构功能主义；潜在狄利克雷分配；社会网络分析
中图分类号：G80-05 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-7116(2025)05-0039-10
Attention allocation ofChina's “The Big Three” policy under the perspective of inter-governmental synergy: An analysis based on LDA and SNA models
LIU Shun1，ZHOU Hao2，BAO Mingxiao1
(1.China Institute of Sports Policy，Beijing Sport University，Beijing 100084，China；
2.School of Physical Education，Henan Normal University，Xinxiang 453007，China)
Abstract: The formulation and implementation of public policies in a scientific and rational manner serves as a crucial pathway for transforming institutional advantages into governance effectiveness. This study employs latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and social network analysis (SNA), grounded in the structural functionalism theory, to analyze the evolution of policy attention allocation and interdepartmental collaborative governance networks in 1574 policy documents onChina's “The Big Three” from 1979 to 2024. The results show that: (1) The allocation of policy attention is in a spiral development trend, and the focus of governance has gradually shifted from a single competitive sports orientation to a coordinated development of multiple objectives, such as the development of fitness for all, the supply of venues and facilities, the development of school football, the expansion of the tournament economy, and the reform of professional sports; (2) the departmental collaborative governance network has gradually evolved from loose to coordinated, and the governance mode has been transformed from single subject-led to multiple subject co-governance; (3) the policy governance system has been gradually improved, but there are still problems such as insufficient policy adaptability, unclear goal setting, imperfect synergistic mechanism and weak model maintenance, which makes it difficult to form policy synergy in the synergistic governance process of China's “The Big Three” policies. Under the background of the new national system, China's “The Big Three” policy making should further pinpoint the target of governance and enhance the adaptive function of the policy; optimizing the division of powers and responsibilities among departments and promote the synergistic achievement of goals; strengthening the integration of the network and build a synergistic governance system; and regulating the mode of maintaining standards and cultivate common values.
Keywords: “The Big Three” policy；policy network；structural functionalism；latent Dirichlet allocation；social network analysis