（清华大学 体育部，北京 100084） 摘 要：选取sportsmanship为研究对象，置于历史社会学维度中梳理并分析英语世界中sportsmanship的起源、演变以及价值呈现。研究认为：sportsmanship源起于18世纪中期的英国，是在狩猎活动(sport)中对骑士精神与绅士行为的效仿；20世纪初期至中期，sportsmanship表现出3个方面的演变趋向，即传播范围逐步扩大，应用领域不断延伸，表现内涵持续丰富；20世纪80年代至今，随着商业主义在竞技体育中的渗透，使sportsmanship聚焦于体育领域，成为青少年人格养成的重要方式。研究指出：sportsmanship从源起之时便不是体育领域的专属词语，内涵多元。在竞技体育中，sportsmanship的价值表现在社会规范和个体塑造两个层面，即“尊重”的理想化追求和对人格培养的教育诉求，是公民教育不可或缺的维度。 |
CHEN Yi-ying，GUO Zhen，LIU Bo
（Department of Physical Education，Tsinghua University，Beijing 100084) Abstract: The authors selected sportsmanship as their research object, placed it into the dimension of historical so-ciology, collated and analyzed the origin, evolution and value presentation of sportsmanship in the English world. The authors concluded the followings: sportsmanship originated from England in the middle of the 18th century, was the imitation of chivalry and gentleman behaviors in hunting activities; from the early to the middle of the 20th cen-tury, sportsmanship showed three evolution trends, i.e. the communication scope expanding gradually, the applica-tion areas extending constantly, the expression connotations becoming richer continuously; since the 1980s, with the penetration of commercialism in competitive sports, sportsmanship has focused on the sports areas, and become an important way of teenager personality cultivation. The authors pointed out the followings: sportsmanship has not been an exclusive word of the sports areas since its origination, and its connotations are diversified. In competitive sports, the value of sportsmanship is shown at such two levels as society standardizing and individual shaping, i.e. the idealized pursuit for “respect” and the educational demand for personality cultivation, which are the indispensa-ble dimensions of civic education. |
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