| （1.安徽师范大学 体育学院，安徽 芜湖 241000；2.北京体育大学 研究生院，北京 100084） 摘 要：颁布于1978年的美国《业余体育法》对美国竞技体育的发展产生了深远影响，运用文献资料对相关资料进行解读，认为该法案的颁布有其独特的历史背景，其在提高美国竞技体育成绩的背后，还有一定的政治与体制动因；其管辖范围也仅仅是美国竞技体育的组成部分，竞技体育中的学校竞技运动、职业体育有相应的法案管理；《业余体育法》在推动业余体育发展、大众体育参与等方面起到积极的作用，但也带来资金分布的不合理、竞技体育管理的分割化、优秀青年运动员失去资助与参赛机会等消极影响。 |
JIN Tao1，2，WANG Yong-shun2，GAO Sheng1
| （1.School of Physical Education，Anhui Normal University，Wuhu 241000，China；2.Graduate School，Beijing Sport University，Beijing 100084，China) Abstract: American Amateur Sports Act promulgated in 1978 has produced a profound impact on the development of American competitive sports. By means of literature information analysis, the authors interpreted related infor-mation, and drew the following conclusions: the promulgation of this act had its unique historical background, there were certain political and institutional motives behind it improving performances of American competitive sports; its scope of jurisdiction is merely a constituent part of American competitive sports, scholastic competitive sports and professional sports in competitive sports are administrated by corresponding acts; this act plays an active role in boosting armature sports development and mass sports participation, but it also brings some negative effects such as irrational fund distribution, divided competitive sports administration, excellent young athletes losing opportunities for financial aids and competition participation etc. |
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