| （广州市体育科学研究所，广东 广州 510650） 摘 要：通过对青年女子柔道运动员赛前不同训练手段血乳酸及心率的测试，评价不同训练手段的运动强度，为教练员科学安排训练提供依据。以广州队青年女子柔道运动员为研究对象，测试教学比赛课运动员每轮比赛后的血乳酸和心率、测试实战训练课和专项力量训练课的心率，并与其它学者的有关测试结果进行比较分析。研究结果显示：(1)青年女子柔道运动员教学比赛后的血乳酸为(8.01±2.11) mmol/L；(2)教学比赛准备活动与第一轮教学比赛的平均心率和最高心率分别是(121±11) 次/min、(146±13) 次/min和(160±7) 次/min、(183±10) 次/min。实战的准备活动和实战第一轮的平均心率和最高心率分别是(146±14) 次/min、(168±11) 次/min和(158±9) 次/min、(171±11) 次/min；专项力量训练的平均心率和最高心率为(159±10) 次/min、(171±10) 次/min。结果说明，教学比赛时，在对手安排和比赛气氛的营造上，要使之更接近正式比赛；要适当提高准备活动的负荷强度，达到准备活动的目的；应适当安排高强度、高质量的训练课，以满足正式比赛时对大运动强度的需求；影响心率的因素较多，为对运动强度进行准确判断，最好对血乳酸和心率同时测试。 |
HOU Li
| （Guangzhou Sports Science Institute，Guangzhou 510650，China） Abstract: By testing the blood lactic acid and heart rate of young female judo players subjected to different training means before a competition, the author evaluated exercise intensities produced by different training means in order to provide a criterion for coaches to arrange training scientifically. Basing her research subject on young judo play-ers in Guangzhou, the author tested their blood lactic acid and heart rate after each competition in a teaching compe-tition class, as well as their heart rate after a real competition training class and a dedicated strength training class, and then performed a comparative analysis on the results together with related test results acquired by other schol-ars. Research results: 1) their blood lactic acid after a teaching competition is (8.01±2.11) mmol/L; 2) their average heart rate and highest heart rate after warm-up before a teaching competition and the first round of teaching compe-tition are respectively (121±11) beats/min, (146±13) beats/min and (160±7) beats/min, (183±10) beats/min; their average heart rate and highest heart rate after warm-up before a real competition and the first round of real competi-tion are respectively (146±14) beats/min, (168±11) beats/min and (158±9) beats/min, (171±11) beats/min; their av-erage heart rate and highest heart rate after dedicated strength training are respectively (159±10) beats/min and (171±10) beats/min. The results indicate the followings: when preparing for a teaching competition, the coach should arrange the opponent and establish the competition atmosphere in such a way that the teaching competition should be made as close to the formal competition as possible; the load intensity for warm-up should be appropri-ately increased in order to achieve the goal of warm-up; high intensity and high quality training classes should be appropriately arranged in order to meet the demand for high intensity movement during a formal competition; there are many heart rate affecting factors, so the blood lactic acid and heart rate had better be tested at the same time in order to accurately determine the exercise intensity. |
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